The tonsils are lymphatic tissues located on either side of the throat that form the first line of defense against germs. Their inflammation is called tonsillitis, and it is very common in school-age children.

Symptoms

  • Sore throat, difficulty swallowing
  • Fever, fatigue
  • Redness, enlargement of the tonsils, and sometimes white patches of infection
  • Swelling and tenderness of the neck lymph nodes
  • Bad breath; in young children, abdominal pain and vomiting

Viral or Strep (Beta)?

Most cases of tonsillitis are viral and resolve without antibiotics. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (strep), on the other hand, does require antibiotics, because untreated strep can lead to complications such as acute rheumatic fever and kidney inflammation. The distinction is made through examination, a rapid antigen test, and a throat culture — antibiotics should not be started on a hunch.

Treatment

For viral tonsillitis, plenty of fluids, warm and soft foods, and a pain reliever are sufficient. If strep is detected, antibiotics must be completed for the full 10 days; even if the child improves on day 2–3, the treatment is not stopped.

When Are the Tonsils Removed?

In situations such as more than 7 documented episodes per year, severe enlargement causing pauses in breathing during sleep, or a tonsillar abscess, the decision for surgery is evaluated together with an ENT specialist. Saying "he gets sick often" is not, on its own, a reason for surgery.

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Related articles: Sore throat · Strep infection · Pharyngitis

This article is for general information purposes only; it does not replace diagnosis and treatment. For any concerns about your child's health, be sure to consult a specialist in pediatric health and diseases.

Uzm. Dr. Hasan Keleş — Specialist in Pediatric Health and Diseases, Gaziantep