Thumb sucking is a natural self-soothing behaviour in infancy. Most children give it up on their own during the preschool years. Sucking that continues after the permanent teeth have started to come through is evaluated, because it can affect the structure of the teeth and the palate.

Why children do it

In babies the sucking reflex is present from birth and is comforting. At later ages, thumb sucking mostly appears at moments of falling asleep, tiredness, boredom or tension. In other words, what points the way is not the behaviour itself but the situation in which it appears.

When it becomes a problem

  • Continuing after the permanent teeth have come through
  • A gap between the front teeth, narrowing of the palate
  • Sores on the skin of the finger, infection around the nail
  • Changes in speech

An approach that helps the child stop

Punishment and scolding do not work; the behaviour is usually linked to tension, and pressure only increases it.

  • Watch the moments of sucking and reduce the trigger (tiredness, lack of sleep)
  • Offer alternatives that keep the hands busy
  • Set small goals and notice the successes
  • Make the routine before sleep a calming one
  • When the child wants to give it up, following progress with a calendar can help

Methods such as bitter-tasting products and bandages only come into question if the child wants them and on a doctor's recommendation.

The difference from a pacifier

Giving up the pacifier habit is usually easier, because the pacifier can be taken away. Since the thumb is always within reach, the process may take longer.